Mitomicina C: Una Nueva Alternativa para la Estenosis de Cuello Vesical / Mitomycin C: A New Alternative for Bladder Neck Stenosis

Introducción: La mitomicina C es un agente quimiotera-péutico en virtud a su actividad antiproliferativa y anti-biótica. Se evalúa el resultado de la cervicotomía radial endoscópica combinada con la inyección intralesional de mitomicina C para el tratamiento de las estenosis severas de cuello vesical luego del fracaso del trata-miento tradicional. Materiales y método: Revisión retrospectiva de los pa-cientes con estenosis severa de cuello vesical intervenidos entre julio de 2013 y agosto de 2015 con la utilización de mitomicina C. El 54.5% de los pacientes había fracasado al menos una vez con la realización de cervicotomía interna y/o resección endoscópica de cuello vesical. En nuestra intervención se realizaron tres o cuatro incisiones endoscópicas con corte frío en el cuello de la vejiga, seguido por la inyección intralesional de 0.3 a 0.4 mg/ml de mitomicina C en cada sitio de incisión. Resultados: Un total de 11 pacientes fueron tratados con incisión endoscópica con corte frío en el cuello de la vejiga combinado con la inyección de mitomicina C. Antes de la operación, 4 pacientes (36%) eran usuarios de cistotomía. En un seguimiento medio de 9 meses (rango 1-20) 9 pacientes (82%) se encuentran con micción espontánea posterior a un procedimiento, mientras que 2 pacientes (18%) lograron dicho objetivo después de 2 procedimientos con utilización de mitomicina C. Conclusiones: El tratamiento para la estenosis del cuello vesical con cervicotomía radial endoscópica con corte frío combinada con inyección intralesional de mitomicina C, resultó en la permeabilidad del cuello vesical en el 82% de los pacientes después de 1 procedimiento y en el 100% después de 2 procedimientos. Aunque los primeros resultados son prometedores, se requiere de estudios prospectivos y aleatorizados con seguimiento prolongado en el tiempo para validar estos hallazgos.

Introduction: The mitomycin C is a chemotherapeutic agent by virtue of its antiproliferative and antibiotic ac-tivity. We evaluated the outcome of endoscopic radial cervicotomy combined with intralesional mitomycin C injection for the treatment of severe bladder neck ste-nosis after traditional treatment failure.Materials and methods: It was a retrospective review of patients with severe bladder neck stenosis who had a surgery between July 2013 and August 2015 with mi-tomycin C. The 54.5% of patients had failed at least 1 time with internal cervicotomy and/or endoscopic re-section of the bladder neck. In our intervention, three or four endoscopic incisions were performed with a cold cut in the neck of the bladder, followed by intralesio-nal injection of 0.3 to 0.4 mg / ml of the mitomycin C at each incision site.Results: A total of 11 patients were treated with endos-copic incision with a cold cut in the neck of the bladder combined with mitomycin C injection. Before the sur-gery 4 patients (36%) were cystostomy users. At a mean follow-up of 9 months (range 1-20), 9 patients (82%) had spontaneous urine after 1 procedure, while 2 patients (18%) achieved this goal after 2 procedures using mi-tomycin C.Conclusions: The treatment for bladder neck stenosis with endoscopic radial cervicotomy with cold cut com-bined with intralesional mitomycin C injection resulted in bladder neck permeability in 82% of patients after 1 procedure and 100% after 2 procedures. Although the first results are promising, some prospective and rando-mized studies with long-term monitoring are required to validate these findings.

Hemostatic agents for access tract in tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy: Is it worth?

INTRODUCTION: The role of hemostatic agents as an adjunct for closure of the nephrostomy tract in tubeless percutaneous surgery (tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy [tPNL]) has been previously evaluated, observing a potential benefit in terms of reduced bleeding and urinary leakage. We assessed the rate of postoperative complications after the use of hemostatic agents for sealing the nephrostomy tract in patients undergoing tPNL at our institution. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of 52 consecutive patients undergoing tPNL at our center between January 2010 and December 2013. No substance was placed within the tract in 25 patients (Group 1). A cylinder of Surgicel(®) in addition to 1 unit of Gelita(®) were placed within the access tract in 27 patients (Group 2). We accounted for demographic variables, stone size, operative time, postoperative pain, development of hematoma, postoperative hematocrit drop, urinary leakage, residual lithiasis, and hospital stay length. RESULTS: Age and sex differed significantly between the two groups (P = 0.0002 and P = 0.048 respectively). However, there were no significant differences in terms of body mass index and stone burden. No significant differences between groups were found with regards to operative time, postoperative hematocrit drop, postoperative pain and presence of residual lithiasis. CONCLUSION: The use of Gelita(®) and Surgicel(®) as hemostatic agents in tPNL is safe, but we were not able to demonstrate any significant benefit in terms of postoperative morbidity after comparing the use of these agents in tPNL. We concluded that the uses of hemostatic agents needed to be evaluated in prospective randomized trials to define its benefits.

Utilidad del tacto rectal en pacientes con cáncer de próstata y antígeno prostático menor a 4 ng/ml / Usefulness of DRE in patients with prostate cancer and PSA less than 4ng / ml

Actualmente la necesidad de incorporar el tacto rectal en protocolos de tamizaje ha sido tema de debate. Existe una gran proporción de cáncer de próstata (CaP) que son diagnosticados solo con tacto rectal (TR) sospechoso, aportando además importante información pronostica. En nuestro trabajo, evaluaremos la utilidad que tiene el tacto rectal sospechoso en aquellos pacientes con cáncer de próstata y APE < 4 ng/ml. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se realiza un estudio transversal y se registran pacientes de un hospital público que fueron controlados entre los años 2010 y 2012 con sospecha de CaP. Resultados: De un total de 268 pacientes que fueron sometidos a biopsia prostática por sospecha de CaP se obtuvo lo siguiente: 8 pacientes con APE < 2.5 ng/ml. cuya media de edad fue 70 años (61-82;7.4), destacó que el 87.5 por ciento tenía TR alterado y un 25 por ciento se confirmó cáncer, otorgando al TR una sensibilidad de 100 por ciento y valor predictivo positivo (VPP) 28.5 por ciento. 17 pacientes con APE 2.5-4.0 ng/ml. cuya media de edad fue 64.7 años (55-74;6.9), en donde un 29.4 por ciento tenía TR alterado y en un 35.3por ciento se confirmó cáncer, la sensibilidad del TR resultó 33por ciento y el VPP de 40 por ciento. 243 pacientes con APE 4.1-10 ng/ml. cuya media de edad fue 66.7 años (44-84;7.1), tenían TR alterado en 17.3porciento y confirmación de cáncer en un 27.3 por ciento, la sensibilidad del TR fue un 28.3 por ciento y el VPP 38 por ciento. CONCLUSIONES: La probabilidad de tener cáncer prostático con tacto rectal alterado es mayor a medida que aumenta el APE, destacando un VPP de 28.5 por ciento y VPN de un 100 por ciento en pacientes con APE < 2.5por ciento. En los pacientes con APE de 2.5-4.0 ng/ ml., el tacto rectal obtiene un VPP 40 por ciento y VPN 66.6 por ciento. Estos valores sugieren que aún es importante realizar el TR de manera rutinaria, ya que aproximadamente un tercio tendrá o desarrollara un cáncer de próstata.

Currently the need to include a rectal examination in screening protocols has been the subject of debate. There is a large proportion of prostate cancer (CaP) who are diagnosed only with suspicious digital rectal examination (DRE), also providing important prognostic information. In our work, we will evaluate the usefulness suspicious digital rectal examination in patients with prostate cancer and PSA <4 ng / ml. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted and a public hospital patients who were followed between 2010 and 2012 with suspected PCa are recorded. RESULTS: From the 268 patients who underwent prostate biopsy for suspected CaP the following was obtained: From 8 patients with PSA <2.5 ng / ml. whose average age was 70 years (61-82; 7.4), it was noted that 87.5 percent had altered DRE and in 25 percent cancer is confirmed, giving DRE a 100 percent sensitivity and a positive predictive value of (PPV) 28.5 percent. 17 patients with APE 2.5-4.0 ng / ml. whose mean age was 64.7 years (55-74; 6.9), where 29.4 percent had altered DRE and in 35.3 percent cancer is confirmed, the sensitivity of DRE was 33 percent and a PPV of 40 percent. 243 patients with APE 4.1-10 ng/ml. whose mean age was 66.7 years (44-84; 7.1) DRE was altered in 17.3 percent and confirmation of cancer was 27.3 percent, sensitivity was 28.3 percent and PPV 38 percent. CONCLUSIONS: The chance of having prostate cancer with altered DRE is greater with increasing PSA, highlighting a PPV of 28.5 percent and NPV of 100 percent in patients with PSA <2.5 percent. In patients with PSA of 2.5-4.0 ng / ml., DRE get a PPV 40 percent and NPV 66.6 percent. These values suggest that it is still important to the TR routinely, because approximately one third have or develop prostate cancer.

Evaluación de la calidad de vida en pacientes con cáncer de próstata tratados mediante prostatectomía radical: estudio prospectivo y resultados a dieciocho meses de seguimiento / Evaluation of quality of life in patients with prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy: prospective study and results after eighteen months of follow-up

El cáncer de próstata (CaP) representa un grave problema de salud en el mundo occidental. Actualmente se dispone de diferentes alternativas terapéuticas para el cáncer localizado, por lo que cobra gran importancia la calidad de vida (CDV) de los pacientes. Nuestro objetivo consistió en evaluar la CDV de los pacientes con cáncer de próstata localizado antes y después de ser tratados mediante prostatectomía radical (PR). Estudio de cohorte abierta prospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes sometidos a PR por CaP localizado en el servicio de Urología de dos instituciones de salud. Se evaluaron parámetros de CDV mediante la aplicación del cuestionario UCLA-PCI previo al tratamiento, y luego de la cirugía a los 3, 6, 9, 12 y 18 meses. Se compararon los puntajes obtenidos mediante U Mann Whitney, estableciendo como significativo un p < 0,05. Mediante análisis multivariado se estudiaron factores protectores para recuperar al menos un 70 por ciento de la función inicial. Fueron incluidos cincuenta y cinco pacientes con un seguimiento mínimo de doce meses. La media de edad fue de 65.3 años (rango 44-78; DE: 7.8). En la evaluación de los 3 meses, se obtuvo una caída significativa en la función urinaria (80 v/s 59; p<0.001) y sexual (53 v/s 24; p<0.001) con respecto al basal. La función intestinal no sufrió un detrimento significativo durante todo el tiempo de evaluación. Tanto la función urinaria (59 v/s 69.1; p=0.03) y sexual (24 v/s 33.8; p=0.02) muestran una recuperación significativa a los 18 meses, con respecto a la caída evidenciada al tercer mes. El análisis multivariado determinó que la edad, el nivel de APE, el no recibir radioterapia postoperatoria y la preservación de haces neurovascualres (HNV) constituyen factores protectores para presentar un deterioro menor al 30 por ciento de la función sexual y urinaria inicial. Las funciones urinaria y sexual presentan una caída significativa en pacientes sometidos a PR, sin embargo tienden a recuperarse...

Prostate cancer continues to be a major public health problem in both industrialized and developing countries worldwide. Use of PSA has increased significantly the number of tumors diagnosed in early stages. Men undergo different therapeutics methods can generally expect excellent long-term survival, thus consideration of health related quality of life (HRQOL) after treatment is of great importance. Our objective was to evaluate HRQOL after radical prostatectomy in men with localized prostate cancer. Prospective cohort study with duration of two years (study ongoing). A total of 52 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy were prospectively enrolled at two institutions (Clinica Las Condes and Hospital San Borja, Santiago, Chile) between august 2011 and January 2012. HRQOL parameters were evaluated (sexual potency, urinary continence and bowel function) by applying the UCLA-PCI questionnaire before treatment and after surgery at 3 and 6 months. T-student was used to compare means. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant Results: A total of fifty two patients were recruited with a minimum follow up of nine months. The mean age was 65.6 years (range 44-78, SD: 8.5). The evaluation conducted at three months showed a significant decline in urinary function (74.7 v / s 58.4, P = 0.046) and sexual (55.9 v / s 19.2; p = 0,001) compared to baseline. The domain assessed that showed the highest decline in three months evaluation, was the sexual function, showing a fall of 78.2 percent compared to baseline. Of the three domains evaluated, urinary function (74.7 v / s 73.1, P = 0.83) and bowel function (80.1 v / s85.8, P = 0.86) showed a significant recovery at six months, with respect to the initia measurement. Sexual function when measured at six months showed a significant recovery in the three months evaluation (55.9 v / s 40, p = 0.048); however, did not reach the baseline.Although there is a pronounced worsening in three months evaluation, the...

Nefrectomía parcial laparoscópica: experiencia de 135 casos / Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: experience of 135 cases

Introducción: La nefrectomía parcial laparoscópica (NPL) es considerada hoy una alternativa terapéutica para el manejo de tumores renales menores de 4 cm. Sus principales ventajas son permitir un excelente control oncológico, además de preservar la unidad renal. Por otro lado ha permitido acortar los tiempos de hospitalización, disminuir el dolor postquirúrgico y lograr menores tiempos de recuperación en los pacientes. El objetivo del presente estudio es presentar nuestra experiencia en nefrectomías parciales laparoscópicas durante los últimos 12 años. Materiales y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de sometidos a NPL entre los años 2000 y 2012. En todos los casos la cirugía fue realizada por un mismo cirujano. Se obtuvo información demográfica de los pacientes, tamaño y ubicación del tumor, vía de abordaje, tiempo quirúrgico, sangrado intraoperatorio, tiempo de hospitalización y complicaciones. El análisis de los datos se llevo a cabo con el programa SPSS v17. Se consideró significativo un p<0.05.Resultados: En el periodo descrito se realizaron NPL en 135 pacientes (70.4 por ciento hombres). El promedio de edad fue de 56.9+/-12.8 años. Ochenta y dos cirugías fueron izquierdas y 53 derechas. Con respecto a la ubicación de la masa dentro del riñón, se encontraron un 25.2 por ciento en el polo superior, 46.7 por ciento en la porción media y 28.1 por ciento en el polo inferior. En el 40 por ciento de los casos los tumores se ubicaron en una posición calificada como técnicamente compleja. Con respecto al abordaje quirúrgico, un 42.2 por ciento fueron realizadas por vía transperitoneal y un 57.8 por ciento por vía retroperitoneal. Se realizaron 8 conversiones a cirugía abierta. El tamaño promedio de los tumores fue de 3.26+/-1.6 cm...

Introduction: Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) has become the first-line surgical technique for the management of renal tumors smaller than 4 cm. Its main advantages are an excellent oncologic control together with the preservation of nephron units. Moreover it implies a shorter-length of hospital stay, less postoperative pain and shorter recovering times for patients. The aim of this report is to show our experience and compare it with the resuls reported in the international literature. Materials and methods: All patients that underwent LPN within years 2000 and 2010 were retrospectively studied. In all cases surgery was performed by the same surgeon. Data was collected retrospectively, including clinical and histopathologic information, as well as surgical and functional results. Results: One hundred and thirty five were included (70.4 percentmale). Mean age was 56.9 +/- 12.8 years. Eighty-two surgeries were left and 53 right. Regarding to the location of the mass within the kidney, 25.2 percent were found at the upper pole, 46.7 percent in the middle portion, and 28.1percent at the lower pole. In 40 percent of cases the tumor was located in a position described as technically complex. Regarding to the surgical approach, 42.2 percent were performed by transperitoneal and retroperitoneal 57.8 percent for. There were eight conversions to open surgery. The average tumor size was 3.26 +/- 1.6 cm. Mean operative time was 106.2 +/- 38.2 minutes. The median blood loss was 100cc (range <50-3000). Two patients required transfusion. Median hospital stay was 48 hours (range 23-120). Eleven patients (8.14 percent had complications related to surgery. The most of the cases (n = 5) were due to intraoperative bleeding. Conclusions: The LPN is a challenging surgical technique. The results of this study confirm that laparoscopic surgery is a safe technique for the management of renal tumors with a low rate of complications and shorter hospital stays.

Porcentaje de subgraduación del puntaje de Gleason en la biopsia transrectal de pacientes candidatos a vigilancia activa / Percentage of Gleason score under grading in transrectal biopsies of patients candidates to active surveillance

La vigilancia activa (VA) constituye una alternativa de manejo válida para pacientes con cáncer de próstata que cumplen con ciertos criterios que incluyen las características anatomopatológicas de la biopsia preoperatoria transrectal. La subgraduación del puntaje de Gleason en la biopsia preoperatoria respecto de la biopsia definitiva se reporta en un 24-39 por ciento de los casos, lo que constituye un problema al momento de querer incluir a un paciente en un protocolo de vigilancia. El objetivo principal de este estudio consistió en determinar el porcentaje de subgraduación del score de Gleason en biopsias preoperatorias de pacientes que cumplían criterios para VA pero que fueron sometidos a prostatectomía radical y la relación con el número de punciones realizadas y el porcentaje de subgraduación. Se incluyó restrospectivamente a 167 pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía radical, que por sus características preoperatorias cumplían criterios para ingresar a un protocolo de VA. Se evaluó la concordancia entre las biopsias preoperatorias y definitivas y además la relación entre el número de punciones realizadas y el nivel de subgraduación. 52 pacientes (31,1 por ciento) tuvieron un puntaje de Gleason mayor a 6 (GS 7 n=49; GS 8 n=3) en la biopsia definitiva. El menor porcentaje de subgraduación (23.4 por ciento) se observó en el grupo de pacientes que se sometió a biopsias preoperatorias que incluyeron 15 o más punciones. La biopsia prostática preoperatoria presenta un significativo porcentaje de subgraduación respecto a la biopsia definitiva, que tiende a disminuir al aumentar el número de punciones realizadas. Estos factores deben ser considerados al momento de ofrecer al paciente su ingreso a un protocolo de VA.

Active surveillance (AS) is a validated alternative for the management of patients with prostate cancer that meet certain criteria including the histopathological characteristics of preoperative transrectal biopsy. The down-grading of preoperative Gleason score compared to postoperative biopsy is reported in 24-39 percent of cases, which represents a significative problem to include a patient in a AS protocol. The main objective of this study was to determine the percentage of down-grading Gleason score compared to postoperative biopsy is reported in 24-39 percent of cases, which represents a significative problem to include a patient in a AS protocol. The main objective of this study was to determine the percentage of down-grading of the preoperative Gleason score compared to the definitive score in biopsy specimens from patients that met criteria for AS but that were subjected to a radical prostatectomy, and the relation between the number of punctures and the percentage of downgrading. 167 patients subjected to radical prostatectomy were retrospectively included, all of them having preoperative characteristics that fulfilled the criteria for entry into an AS protocol. We evaluated the correlation between preoperative and postoperative biopsies. We also evaluated the relationship between the number of punctures and the percentage of down-grading in the preoperative biopsy. RESULTS: 52 patients (31.1 percent) were found to have a Gleason score higher than 6 (GS 7 n=49; GS 8 n=3) in the definitive biopsy. The lowest percentage of downgrading (23.4 percent) was observed in the group of patients with preoperative biopsies that included 15 or more punctures. The preoperative prostatic biopsy has a significant percentage of downgrading compared to the definitive biopsy, which tends to decrease with increasing the number of punctures. These factors must be considered when offering AS to a patient.

Riesgo de malignidad en masas renales sólidas menores a cuatro centímetros / Risk of malignancy in solid renal masses less than four centimeters

El tratamiento de las masas renales sólidas menores de cuatro centímetros constituye un tema de debate. La “vigilancia activa” se ha propuesto como alternativa para su manejo, sin embargo, estudios publicados recientemente, señalan que un porcentaje no despreciable de estos tumores resultan ser malignos, e incluso en un 6 por ciento de los casos pueden producir metástasis. El objetivo del presente estudio consiste en determinar el riesgo de malignidad en masas renales sólidas menores de cuatro centímetros en un grupo de pacientes sometidos a Nefrectomía Parcial Laparoscópica (NPL). Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes sometidos a NPL. Se seleccionaron aquellos que presentaron lesiones renales sólidas menores a 4 cm informadas por TAC y/o RMN. Se crearon intervalos de tamaño (<2 cm, 2-2.9 cm, 3-4 cm). Se realizó un análisis univariado para determinar el riesgo de malignidad de acuerdo al tamaño del tumor, estableciendo el Odds Ratio correspondiente y el intervalo de confianza (95 por ciento). Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados mediante el programa SPSS v17. Se consideró como significativo un p< 0.05. Entre los años 2000 y 2012 se efectuaron 135 nefrectomías parciales laparoscópicas por la presencia de una masa renal sólida. Noventa y dos casos presentaron lesiones menores a cuatro centímetros, los que fueron incluidos en este estudio. Del total de tumores el 9.8% resultó ser benigno en el estudio histopatológico definitivo. No existieron diferencias significativas (p=0,67) con respecto a la media del tamaño (2,2 y 2,57 cm respectivamente) entre los tumores benignos y malignos. El porcentaje de tumores malignos aumentó significativamente (p = 0,025) en las masas mayores de 2 cm, al compararlo con aquellas de menor tamaño (69 por ciento v/s 86.7 por ciento). Mediante el análisis univariado se estableció que el riesgo de malignidad se incrementa 4.9 veces (p=0.027) en aquellas masas renales sólidas mayores de 2 cm...

The treatment of solid renal masses less than four centimeters (cm) is a subject of debate. Active surveillance has been proposed as a management option, however, recently published studies indicate that, in a substantial proportion, these tumors are malignant; and even at 6 percent of the cases can produce metastases. The aim of this study was to determine the malignancy risk in solid renal masses less than four cm in a group of patients undergoing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN).A retrospective study of patients undergoing LPN was performed. We selected those who had solid renal lesions smaller than 4 cm reported by CT and/or MRI. Size ranges were set (<2 cm, 2-2.9 cm, 3-4 cm). Univariate analysis was performed to determine the risk of malignancy according to tumor size, obtaining the corresponding odds ratio and confidence interval (95 percent). Data were analyzed using SPSS v17. P-value < 0.05 was considered stadistically significant. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty five laparoscopic partial nephrectomies were performed due to a solid renal mass between 2000 and 2012. Of them, ninety-two cases had a lesion less than four cm, which were included in this study. From the total of tumors, 9.8 por ciento were proved benign on final histopathology. No significant difference was found between benign and malignant tumors when mean sizes were compared (2.2 and 2.57 cm, respectively, p =0.67). The percentage of malignant tumors was significantly higher in masses larger than 2 cm, compared with those of smaller size (86.7 percent v/s 69 percent respectively, p=0.025). Univariate analysis established that the malignancy risk is increased 4.9 times in solid renal masses larger than 2 cm (p = 0.027). Our study shows that although the risk of cancer increases significantly in renal masses from the 2 cm there is a considerable percentage of malignancy in masses below this size.

Evaluación de la calidad de vida en pacientes con cáncer de próstata tratados mediante prostatectomía radical: estudio prospectivo y resultados a seis meses de seguimiento / Assessment of quality of life in patients with prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy: prospective study and results at six months of follow-up

El cáncer de próstata representa un grave problema de salud en el mundo occidental. Actualmente disponemos de diferentes alternativas terapéuticas para el cáncer localizado, por lo que cobra gran importancia la calidad de vida (CDV) de los pacientes al momento de ofrecerles las diferentes modalidades de tratamiento. Nuestro objetivo consistió en evaluar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con cáncer de próstata localizado antes y después de ser tratados mediante prostatectomía radical, analizando su evolución a través del tiempo.Estudio de cohorte abierta prospectivo con una duración de dos años (estudio aún no concluido). Se incluyeron un total de cuarenta pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía radical por cáncer de próstata localizado en el servicio de Urología de dos instituciones de salud. Se evaluaron parámetros de CDV (potencia sexual, continencia urinaria y defecatoria) mediante la aplicación del cuestionario UCLA-PCI previo al tratamiento, y luego de la cirugía a los 3 y 6 meses. Se utilizó T-student para la comparación de medias, estableciendo como significativo un p < 0,05. Mediante análisis multivariado se estudiaron factores protectores de recuperación precoz de las diferentes funciones. Fueron reclutados un total de cuarenta pacientes, todos con un seguimiento mínimo de seis meses. La media de edad fue de 64.9 años (rango 44-78; DE: 8.5). En la evaluación de los 3 meses, se obtuvo una caída significativa en la función urinaria (74.7 v/s 58.4; p=0.046) y sexual (55.9 v/s 25.98; p=0.001) con respecto al basal. El ámbito evaluado que presentó el mayor deterioro a los tres meses, fue la función sexual, observándose una caída promedio de un 78.2 por ciento con respecto a la evaluación inicial. De los tres ámbitos evaluados, la función urinaria (74.7 v/s 73.1; p=0.83) y defecatoria (80.1 v/s 85.8; p=0.86) muestran una recuperación significativa a los seis meses, con respecto a la medición inicial, no así, la función sexual (25.98 v/s 30,5; p=0.89)...

Prostate cancer is asignificant health problem in Western countries. Use of PSA has increased significantly the number of tumors diagnosed in early stages. Men undergo different therapeutics methods can generallyexpect excellent long-term survival, thus consideration of health related quality of life (HRQOL) after treatment is of great importance. Our objective was to evaluate HRQOL after radical prostatectomy in men with localized prostate cáncer. Prospective open cohort study with duration of two years (study ongoing). A total of 40 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy were prospectively enrolled at two institutions (Clinica Las Condes and Hospital San Borja) between august 2011 and december 2011. HRQOL parameters were evaluated (sexual potency, urinary continence and bowel function) by applying the UCLA-PCI questionnaire before treatment and after surgery at 3 and 6 months. T-student was used to compare means. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significantRESULTS: A total of forty patients were recruited with a minimum follow up of six months. The mean age was 64.9 years (range 44-78, SD: 8.5). The evaluation conducted at three months showed a significant decline in urinary function (74.7 v / s 58.4, P = 0.046) and sexual (55.9 v / s 19.2; p = 0,001) compared to baseline...

Immediate postoperative morbidity in patients with indwelling double-J stent versus overnight-externalized ureteral catheter after tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a prospective, randomized study.

The conventional technique for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) ends by placing a nephrostomy tube within the access tract. However, feasibility and safety of tubeless PNL have been widely demonstrated. In this modification, a ureteral stent is usually left in place instead of the nephrostomy tube. The aim of this study is to compare the use of a postoperative indwelling double-J stent versus an overnight-externalized ureteral catheter in patients undergoing tubeless PNL. Sixty-eight patients undergoing tubeless PNL were randomized either for a postoperative double-J stent (group 1) or for an overnight-externalized ureteral catheter (group 2). Outcomes evaluated included postoperative pain, hospital stay length, incidence of hemorrhagic complications, residual lithiasis and urinary leakage. Groups were similar according to age, sex, body mass index and stone burden. There were no significant differences in terms of postoperative pain, incidence of perirenal hematomas, residual lithiasis and urinary leakage. However, patients in group 1 presented longer hospital stays (3.7 ± 1.7 vs. 1.9 ± 0.3 days; p < 0.001) and greater hematocrit drops (4.9 ± 2.2 vs. 2.1 ± 1.8 %; p < 0.001). Our results confirm that among patients undergoing tubeless PNL, both alternatives (i.e. leaving a double-J stent or an overnight-externalized ureteral catheter) are reliable and safe. However, further considerations, like the need of double-J stent removal under cystoscopy, need to be taken into account when deciding which modality to use.